(U.S.) THE SECOND GREAT AWAKENING – PHASE “Awaken”
Each chapter for FIRE BORNE starts with cultural information about that generational period of time – the “moral terrain” – of the times and how they were distinguished by sociologist Howe and Strauss.
Chapter 1 – 1886 to 1908 was called the “Second Great Awakening.” It was a time of massive immigration – nearly 6 million Germans, 19 million Italians, and English. The US population in 1860 was 30 million and increased to 75 million by 1900. Massive corn harvest led to a huge amount of beer brewing and corn whiskey. Massive drunkenness was widespread. In 1893 a worldwide Prohibition Movement brought Protestant churches into political activism.
In 1891 Rudolf Steiner was awarded his PhD in Natural Science from the University of Rostock. In 1894 Steiner published Philosophy Of Spiritual Activity. In 1902, Steiner entered the Theosophical Society and became the leader in Germany.
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE TIMELINE WHICH IS EXPANDED BY END NOTES FOR EACH TIMELINE.
SEE AN EXAMPLE IN THE NEXT SECTION
1891
RS – Germany – Rudolf Steiner awarded PhD in Natural Science from University of Rostock.
– U.S. Labor organizes and many trade unions form.
– Public Education Reform Movement tries to de-politicize education.
– “Muckraking” journalism takes on corporate monopolies, political machines, and child labor.
1892
– The “Populist Movement” – the People’s Party of agrarian populists reforms.
1893
– Panic of 1893 – a serious depression produces political upheaval and the so-called “War with the Wealthy.”
– Telegraph and telephone systems span the U.S.
– 150,000 United Mine Workers go on strike.
– Grover Cleveland inaugurated President.
– 1.7 million children under the age of 15 work in mills, mines, and factories.
– The Anti-Saloon League forms as a significant politically active group of Protestant churches which focuses on electing candidates who agreed with their agenda. They lobby for no taxation of churches and prohibition. The influence of this movement still resounds in Protestant churches today.
END NOTE (3) ANTI-SALOON LEAGUE ABOUT THIS WORLDWIDE SOCIAL / RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT
1894
RS – Germany – Steiner publishes Philosophy Of Spiritual Activity.
1897
-William McKinley inaugurated President.
1900
– Massive German immigration. Midwestern cities of St. Louis, Milwaukee, Cleveland, Chicago more than 40% German immigrants.
– Model “T” introduced by Henry Ford.
– First transmission of speech by radio waves.
END NOTE (4) TIMELINE OF RUDOLF STEINER AGAINST ANTI-SEMITISM Starting in 1900, Rudolf Steiner spoke about the dangers of Anti-Semitism.
1901
– William McKinley assassinated – Theodore Roosevelt becomes President.
1902
RS – Germany – Steiner leads the Bruno Society.
– Germany – Steiner enters the Theosophical Society and becomes its leader in Germany. The spiritually “awakening” social conditions attract large crowds to lectures on Karma and Reincarnation.
– Theodore Roosevelt active in “Trust Busting.”
1903
– First manned flight, the Wright Brothers. Countries around the world begin building aircraft for military purposes.
1904
– Radioactive substances research, Marie Currie.
1905
– Germany – “Theory of Relativity,” Albert Einstein
1906
– First AM radio program broadcast.
1907
– Panic of 1907 financial collapse due to the influence of railroad, steel, copper, and sugar trusts.
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FIRE BORNE: Anthroposophy in America 